What is Pathology?

The pathologist examines tissue samples from biopsies or surgeries to determine whether cancer is present. They look at the cells under a microscope and analyze their appearance and characteristics.

The pathologist helps stage the cancer, which means determining how advanced it is. This information is crucial for deciding on the best treatment options. They assess the size of the tumor and whether it has spread to nearby lymph nodes or other areas.

Pathologists also grade the cancer, which involves looking at how aggressive the cancer cells are. Higher-grade tumors may grow and spread more quickly, influencing treatment decisions.

Many pathologists conduct tests to check for specific genetic markers or mutations in the cancer cells. This information can help doctors select targeted therapies that are more effective for certain types of cancer.

Pathologists work closely with other members of the MDT, such as oncologists, surgeons, and radiologists. They provide critical information that helps the team make informed decisions about patient care and treatment plans.

Pathologists may participate in tumor boards or meetings where the MDT discusses complex cases. Their expertise helps ensure that all aspects of the diagnosis and treatment are considered.

After treatment, pathologists may analyze additional samples to monitor how well the cancer is responding to therapy or to check for any signs of recurrence.

Pathologists can provide information and support to patients and families about the nature of the disease and the significance of test results, helping them understand what the findings mean for treatment options.